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The placement season at the Indian Institutes of Technologies (IITs) across the country saw a dominance of large companies and multinational corporations among the top recruiters. While e-commerce wasn’t shunned, the numbers remained low.

Across IIT campuses, IT companies as well as core software firms recruited a large number of students. As per information from the placement committees of the institutes, Goldman Sachs, Microsoft, ITC were among top companies visiting the campuses on the first day. There was also a significant increase in international offers.

“We have not taken too many startups considering their past history. Only the top four to five companies in the e-commerce space are being called so that students are not inconvenienced by offers revoked or delays in joining dates. Further, there has also been a crackdown on fake companies,” said a senior placement official at one of the IITs.

At IIT Bombay, on day three more than 100 offers were rolled out of which 7 were for International roles. Top recruiting firms on Day 3 (for domestic roles) were Cleanmax, Citi, Robert Bosch, SAP Labs. For the first 3 days, IIT-B got total 47 international offers and including the pre-placement offers (PPOs) the overall count is 60 as compared to the last year count of 50.

According to the placement team at IIT-B, international offers (for Day 1-3) went up by almost 20 percent this year because of increase in the number of US offers while the rest of it can be associated with the increased participation of Japanese firms.

Similarly, IIT Roorkee saw over 400 offers (including PPOs) handed out to students this year. The Institute received 274 offers on Day 1 and Day 2 taking the total tally this season to over 400 offers. The institute received 13 international offers from Microsoft Redmond, Webstaff and Mercari.

A total of 274 offers have been made so far on the first 2 days of the placement season. Out of these, 92 were core sectors and 182 were non- core sectors offers. Some of the companies which have visited the campus for placements so far are Microsoft, Goldman Sachs, Mercari, Uber, Tower Research, Schlumberger, ISRO, ONGC, Webstaff, Qualcomm, Oracle, Flipkart, Walmart, JP Morgan, Samsung, among others.

NP Padhy, Placement In-charge, IIT Roorkee said, “This is a tremendous start to the placement season. This is one of the best starts and we hope to capitalize on it and end on a new high.” Their graveyard session saw participation of 9 companies and 315 students sat through the session for placements. Goldman Sachs, Microsoft, Uber, Tower Research, Schlumberger, ISRO, Webstaff, ONGC, and ITC were part of the graveyard session.

Last year, IIT Bombay had blacklisted nine companies for one year including GPSK, IndusInsight Portea Medical and Peppertap for issues related to offer revoked, joining delayed and companies being fake. IITs as a whole had blacklisted about 31 companies in 2016 for similar reasons.

Among others, IIT Madras received 195 offers on the first day. Last year (2016-17), IIT Madras saw 27 companies making 160 offers on day one.

At IIT Madras, the total number of international offers have also increased. This year saw 11 international offers (9 offers in Session 1.1 & 2 offers in Session 1.2) on Day One as compared to 3 international offers received last year (2016-17).

Here too, companies that made more than 10 offers this year (2017-18) are EXL Services, Goldman Sachs, Microsoft, and Samsung Research Institute Bangalore.

Startups and e-commerce companies plan their expansion and hiring strategies based on the funds received from their investors. Any delay or aberration in the same has resulted in sudden changes in the hiring plans in the last few years, due to which the institutes have remained cautious.

In 2017 too, while no lists were officially released on banning some companies from IIT campuses, placement officials said that they have unofficial names of companies who haven't been invited to the institutes, including mid-size fintech and health startups.

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Coffee exports from India, Asia's third-largest producer and exporter, rose by 8.08 per cent to 3.61 lakh tonnes in January-November 2017 compared to 3.34 lakh tonnes in the same period of last year, according to the Coffee Board.

Italy, Germany and Russia were the major export destinations for Indian coffee during the period. India ships both robusta and Arabica varieties, besides instant coffee. Robusta coffee exports rose by 10.80 per cent to 2,11,442 tonnes in January-November 2017 from 1,90,828 tonnes in the year-ago, the board dats showed.

Export of Arabica coffee however declined by 10.81 per cent to 44,084 tonnes from 49,431 tonnes in the said period.

The outbound shipment of instant coffee increased sharply by 86 per cent to 47,734 tonnes in January-November this year from 22,966 tonnes in the same period last year, the data showed.

Of the total exports, India exported 73,705 tonnes to Italy, 38,671 tonnes to Germany and 26,319 tonnes to Russia during the period under review.

Some of the major exporting companies include CCL Products India, Tata Coffee, Olam Agro and Coffee Day Global Ltd.

Coffee production had declined by 10.34 per cent to 3.12 lakh tonnes in 2016-17 crop year (October-September).

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The government will unveil the much-awaited mid-term review of the foreign trade policy on Tuesday, which among other things would address exporters' woes with an aim to arrest the declining trend of shipments.

Exporters have been voicing concerns about challenges on account of the implementation of GST, even suggesting that they be kept out of the ambit of the new indirect tax regime and the drawback refund be expedited as it was blocking their working capital.

The mid-term review of the foreign trade policy (FTP) was earlier supposed to be released before July 1, in line with the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). However, it was put off as the government wanted to factor in the feedback from exporters based on their experience of the implementation of GST.

"The Directorate General of Foreign Trade (Headquarters), New Delhi, will remain functional on 2-3 December 2017 (Saturday and Sunday) for preparatory work relating to release of Mid-Term Review of FTP," the DGFT said in an office order. It directed all the officers and officials of DGFT Headquarters to attend office on Saturday and Sunday.

Exports entered the negative terrain after over a year, contracting 1.12 per cent in October, primarily due to liquidity problem being faced by exporters following rollout of GST.

The five-year FTP was announced on April 1, 2015, and set an ambitious target of India's goods and services exports touching USD 900 billion by 2020. It also aimed at increasing India's share of world exports to 3.5 per cent, from 2 per cent.

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The government will unveil the much-awaited mid-term review of the foreign trade policy on Tuesday, which among other things would address exporters' woes with an aim to arrest the declining trend of shipments.

Exporters have been voicing concerns about challenges on account of the implementation of GST, even suggesting that they be kept out of the ambit of the new indirect tax regime and the drawback refund be expedited as it was blocking their working capital.

The mid-term review of the foreign trade policy (FTP) was earlier supposed to be released before July 1, in line with the introduction of the goods and services tax (GST). However, it was put off as the government wanted to factor in the feedback from exporters based on their experience of the implementation of GST.

"The Directorate General of Foreign Trade (Headquarters), New Delhi, will remain functional on 2-3 December 2017 (Saturday and Sunday) for preparatory work relating to release of Mid-Term Review of FTP," the DGFT said in an office order. It directed all the officers and officials of DGFT Headquarters to attend office on Saturday and Sunday.

Exports entered the negative terrain after over a year, contracting 1.12 per cent in October, primarily due to liquidity problem being faced by exporters following rollout of GST.

The five-year FTP was announced on April 1, 2015, and set an ambitious target of India's goods and services exports touching USD 900 billion by 2020. It also aimed at increasing India's share of world exports to 3.5 per cent, from 2 per cent.

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Oil Minister Dharmendra Pradhan today made a strong case for inclusion of natural gas in the Goods and Services Tax, saying that if polluting coal can be included, then the environment-friendly fuel certainly deserves a place in the new regime.

"Coal has been included and levied with 5 per cent tax but gas is outside GST, how fair is that," he said at the KMPG Energy Summit here.

Crude oil, petrol, diesel, aviation turbine fuel (ATF) or jet fuel and natural gas are not included in GST, which has amalgamated over a dozen indirect taxes including excise duty, service tax and VAT since it kicked in from July 1.

Hence, while various goods and services procured by the oil and gas industry are subjected to GST, the sale and supply of oil, gas and petroleum products continue to attract earlier taxes like excise duty and VAT.

Unlike other industries which can take credit for any tax paid towards the furtherance of business, no credits on input GST will be available to the oil and gas industry leading to the huge additional indirect tax burden.

Pradhan's ministry had previously written to the Finance Ministry to consider including natural gas in GST.

Industry body Ficci has also pitched for the inclusion of natural gas in the new indirect tax regime so as to help producers contain cost and aid in moving towards a gas-based economy.

In a letter to Finance Minister Arun Jaitley, Ficci said that keeping natural gas out of the GST is causing hardships and having an adverse impact on the producers as it is increasing their costs.

Gas sales including CNG and piped gas supplies attract VAT ranging from 5-12 per cent.

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Earlier this year the NPPA (National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority) capped prices of stents to end exploitative pricing and vulgar profiteering.

Data collected by NPPA  showed that cardiovascular stents were being sold by hospitals at extremely high markups (for example, 436 percent for bare metal stents and 654 percent in the case of drug eluting stents, on average).

It is ironic that whereas on one side the whole world is applauding government’s huge step of price cap towards making essential medical products available across the country at affordable prices, on the other side three US MNCs namely Abbott, Boston and Medtronic are trying to arm-twist the Indian government to reverse its decision on price cap of medical devices in India and creating fault lines between India and US relations.

The first bogey raised by these importer MNCs was their products demanded differential higher pricing when it was being decided that stents are an essential medicine and price capping was inevitable. However, they were unable to demonstrate superiority and clinical benefits to patients between their own brands and other equivalent Indian brands to the NLEM committee appointed by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.

Post price caps the importers protested against the unreasonably low price caps and claimed that this action would be harmful to patients as this move would deny access to innovative medical devices, hurt manufacturing in India and discourage FDI in medical devices sector.

This was blatant misinformation as NPPA and IMA  had clearly spelled out that differential pricing for a new range of stents could be considered in future subject to claims of superior technology to be backed by clinical data. The bogey went bust when Abbott Vascular, one of the US manufacturers who was asked by USFDA (US Food and Drug Administration), EU Regulators, TGA-Government of Australia and also by Drugs Controller General of India to withdraw their absorb bioabsorbable stent on charges of public safety concerns, since the absorb proved to carry higher side effects for the patients in terms of stent thrombosis globally.

The price cap has resulted in simultaneously boosting domestic medical devices manufacturing, increasing the market size due to higher affordable access.

When they realised India was being firm and relentless it is shocking to see how US MNCs are lobbying with the USTR for using threat of access to the US market by Indian exporters to suspend or withdraw Indian exporters' import duty benefits under generalised system of preference (GSP) to arm twist the Indian government in creating differential pricing for US FDA approved stents. The facts are that it’s the Indian medical device manufacturers who face discrimination in India and in USA. Every country encourages indigenous products as they would contribute to low dependence on the imported products but the Indian stent manufacturers were challenged in our own country. There were many government tenders where the Indian companies couldn’t participate as the same had unfair specifications demanding a USFDA approved product.

The US has TBT — technical barriers to trade —  under USFDA, while these are near non-existent in India for US device companies.

Indian manufacturers are barred from selling to the US government-funded health programmes and defense as India is not listed in their TAA (Trade Agreement Act).

India's medical device manufacturers are also discriminated against as the US has a ‘buy American’ policy. No such government support exists in India for domestic medical device manufacturers.

USFDA has increased registration charges by 33 percent to 126 percent from 2018. This makes it very expensive for Indian manufacturers/exporters to register for USA as applicable fees for 510K registration is USD 10,566 for each product compared to USD 4,690 each in 2017 and premarket approval for high risk device is at USD 310,764,  up from  USD 234,495. So a manufacturer would need to be exporting and selling at least 50 to 100 times that values to justify absorbing such high costs.

The big question is should India bow to such threats to access the US market by group of three US MNC lobbies when the US is itself suffering from the highest healthcare costs in the world.

We call on the government of India to uphold the constitutional obligation on right to health and reject any pressure to review reasonable price controls on medical devices.

We ask that reasonable price controls are urgently expanded to cover 19 additional categories of medical devices classified as drugs.

We request the US government to investigate the unethical trade practices of US medical device companies indulge in India, which gives a bad name to USA. Such misinformation has the potential to harm excellent relationships between world’s largest two democracies.

We request Indian government and CCI to expedite its investigation on reported anti competitive practices in healthcare.

If they have to sell in India they have to respect Indian laws and regulations same as we do when we sell to EU/USA and other countries.

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 Mahindra & Mahindra (M&M) will team up with Uber to explore deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) on the cab aggregator's platform in several cities across India, the automaker said today.

The company, which has already tied up with Uber's rival Ola to build an electric mass mobility ecosystem in Nagpur, will deploy "hundreds of electric vehicles in Delhi and Hyderabad" under the new partnership.

Mahindra's electric vehicles on the Uber platform will include the e2oPlus hatch and the eVerito sedan.

"Our collaboration with Uber is an important next step to help accelerate the large scale adoption of electric vehicles on shared mobility platforms and meet the nation's vision for EVs," M&M Managing Director Pawan Goenka told reporters here.

As part of this collaboration, both the companies will also explore deployment of Mahindra electric vehicles in other cities.

On the tie-up, Uber Chief Business Officer, India and Emerging Markets, Madhu Kannan said the company aims to build a more sustainable future of mobility, moving more people requiring on-demand services with fewer, fuller, and more efficient vehicle trips.

"We see a key role for high efficiency vehicle technologies and therefore, believe that this collaboration with Mahindra, the pioneers in the electric vehicles space, will be truly beneficial not just for Uber, but for our driver partners, riders and the cities we operate in," he added.

As part of the arrangement, driver partners on the Uber app can avail of a package that will include Mahindra electric vehicles at competitive prices, attractive financing and insurance premiums as well as comprehensive maintenance packages from M&M and its associates.

Furthermore, to make this model durable, M&M and Uber will work closely with public and private players which are in the process of setting up a common use charging ecosystem across multiple locations in the cities.

M&M will also support driver education and training related to various aspects of electric vehicles.

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Promoters of large stressed accounts or bad loans, many of which are being resolved under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), may no longer be allowed to bid for their own assets.

In a set of amendments listed in a government ordinance to the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code and cleared by the President of India on Thursday, those companies whose loan accounts have been non-performing for a year or more will not be allowed to participate or bid to buy the assets in the resolution plan. Those who have not have settled overdue amounts on the said accounts will also not be permitted, said a provision within the amendments.

The newly introduced provisions indicate that promoters of companies on at least the first list of 12 large cases already referred to the insolvency courts would not be allowed to bid.

The 12 accounts in the first list include Essar Steel, Bhushan Steel, Bhushan Power and Steel, Monnet Ispat and Energy, Electrosteel Steels, Lanco Infratech, Alok Industries, Amtek Auto, Jyoti Structures, Era Infra Engineering, Jaypee Infratech and ABG Shipyard.

Among these, the promoters of the now most notorious case of Essar Steel — the Ruias — are trying to get back control of their firms by bidding in the sale process under insolvency along with five other bidders.

“The Ordinance aims at putting in place safeguards to prevent unscrupulous, undesirable persons from misusing or vitiating the provisions of the Code. The amendments aim to keep out such persons who have wilfully defaulted, are associated with non-performing assets, or are habitually non-compliant and, therefore, are likely to be a risk to successful resolution of insolvency of a company,” the ordinance statement said.

According to Section 29A, which has been added to the code, the following categories of entities will be disallowed:

# Willful defaulters

# Those who have their accounts classified as non-performing assets for one year or more and are unable to settle their overdue amounts including interest thereon and charges relating to the account before submission of the resolution plan.

# Those who have executed an enforceable guarantee in favour of a creditor, in respect of a corporate debtor undergoing a corporate insolvency resolution process or liquidation process under the Code

# Connected persons to the above, such as those who are promoters or in management of control of the resolution applicant, or will be promoters or in management of control of corporate debtor during the implementation of the resolution plan, the holding company, subsidiary company, associate company or related party of the above referred persons

Kalpesh Mehta, Partner at Deloitte, said, "This was mainly to protect the bankers as borrowers could use this as a tool to push banks to take a haircut and get benefit and buy it back. Basically, the ordinance is not to renegotiate your existing borrowings and only use it (IBC) for the purpose of a genuine revival or resolution for an insolvency process and not for a willful defaulters."

The provisions also explicitly obligate the CoC (committee of creditors) to consider feasibility and viability of the Resolution Plan before giving its approval. Those flouting these amended provisions would be subject to punishment, which is a fine not less than Rs 1 lakh and can extend to Rs 2 crore.

In June, the RBI had identified 12 large accounts, which made up 25 percent of the banking system’s total gross non-performing assets or NPAs (which are at about Rs 8 lakh crore), and asked banks to refer these for resolution under the IBC.

It then came out with a second list with another 30-40 companies. The RBI has given banks until December. to try and come up with a resolution plan, failing which these firms, too, must be taken to bankruptcy court.

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In a bid to entirely switch to electric-driven trains, Indian Railways has decided to phase out diesel engines in the next five years. The move comes after two months post run-in with manufacturing giant GE over the making of diesel locomotives.

“We have planned to switch all trains to electric-driven in the next five years,” Railway Minister Piyush Goyal said on Tuesday, adding that the diesel locomotives would be used for backup purposes in the yards.

The move will enable the national transporter to save around Rs 11,500 crore annually, railway minister Piyush Goyal said at a meeting of the executive committee of the industry lobby group Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI).

The government's decision raises uncertainty about GE’s Marhaura diesel locomotive project in Bihar, where the company is setting up a factory at an estimated cost of Rs 2,052.58 crore.

The project in which the Railways Ministry has limited equity contribution was planned for over a period of 10 years, whereby, GE was to supply 1,000 diesel locomotives of 4,500 and 6,000 horsepower with high-level performance guarantees.

On September 7, Goyal had asked Indian Railways to review the GE project given plans for complete electrification of its network by 2022, following which GE issued a statement saying that scrapping the project would have a “serious impact on job creation and skills development and cause the government to incur substantial costs”.

In October, Goyal affirmed that the GE project was on track and if required, a diesel locomotive manufacturing facility could be upgraded to make electric locomotives, adding that GE will be informed if Indian Railways' requirement change.

Spokespersons for GE did not respond to phone calls and text messages.

On railway safety, Goyal said that the production of German-based Linke-Hofmann-Busch (LHB) coaches with better safety features, which was recommended by a high-level safety review committee in 2012.

“I have asked the rail coach factories to develop the LHB coaches and also double up their production at Rae Bareli coach factory, which currently manufacturers 1,000 coaches annually,” Goyal said.

The Uttar Pradesh government has been approached for the allotment of 200 acres for the Rae Bareli coach factory’s expansion.

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Are bank lockers safe? It is a difficult question to answer.

Amid the recent bank locker heist at a Bank of Baroda branch in Navi Mumbai, bankers and experts are suggesting upgradation of security and alarm systems, fresh guidelines and safety procedures to battle the new and intelligent techniques of robbers and criminals.

Straight out of a movie, Mumbai witnessed one of its most shocking heists where robbers escaped with valuables and jewellery worth over Rs 1 crore from 30 safety lockers of a Bank of Baroda branch, by digging a 25-feet tunnel from the adjacent shop.

Bank of Baroda CEO and Managing Director PS Jayakumar said, “It does raise questions and issues, not so much about us but the sophistication in which it is taking place. Therefore, we have to rework the kind of mechanics we have, the kind of alarm systems and upgrade all of them. The investigation is on now. But banks are insured when it comes to lockers and it is not a financial loss to the bank.”

This is not the first time that bank lockers have been attacked by digging a tunnel.

In 2014, thieves dug up a 125-foot-long tunnel into a Punjab National Bank branch in Sonepat district in Haryana breaking into 77 lockers decamping with cash, jewellery and other valuables. In June this year, a PNB branch was attacked by burglars who drilled a two-foot hole stealing valuables out of 30 lockers.

A senior State Bank of India official said, “These are unfortunate and isolated cases. Bank safes are usually well secured, have the highest security standards and the walls and even the floorings are RCC (reinforced cement concrete) which are difficult to break in. But ultimately technology is changing and the cutters that these thieves use have also become sharper and quicker to use. Hence, banks must follow utmost security and have the corridor guarded.

AC Mahajan, Chairman, Banking Codes and Standards Board of India (BCSBI) said, "It's a very unfortunate incident that happened. The RBI asks banks to ensure certain security like the walls, security guard, safety locks for the vaults; lockers should be of an approved manufacturer and of a certain quality, etc. Maybe now there need to be new guidelines for stronger and new type of flooring, too.”

Further, he said that banks are not responsible for the things kept inside the lockers. It is mentioned in the contract while assigning a locker. The facility is beyond the financial services that banks offer to customers.

According to him, the relationship between the bank and the customer in case of a locker is akin to that between a lessor (banker) and a lessee (customer) of a house, where the former is not responsible to take care of the things kept inside the house.

An email sent to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) did not receive any response.

RBI guidelines

In 2007, RBI came out with final guidelines on safe deposit lockers that said that banks are not responsible for the contents of the lockers they rent.

“It is clarified that the relationship between the bank and the locker hirer is in the nature of a 'bailor and bailee' and not 'landlord and tenant' though the bank has no knowledge of the contents of the locker and the bank is required to exercise due care and necessary precaution for the protection of the lockers provided to the customer.”

According to Section 152 of the Indian Contract Act, a bank is not responsible for any loss or damage to the contents of a locker.

Respite for customers

Hence, the recent heist again raises concerns on the safety and trust factors of banks. Most importantly, what reprieve do customers have?

None. Because banks are technically not responsible for your valuables inside the lockers.

Banks are only responsible to meet the security measures and procedures to ensure safety of the lockers from outside.  The valuables inside are also not insured by the bank.

An RTI query by a lawyer earlier has revealed something really shocking for many Indians: Banks will not compensate for loss of your valuables kept in their lockers. That’s because "the relationship banks have with customers with regard to lockers is that of lessee (tenant) and lessor (landlord)". In such a relationship, the lessee is responsible for his or her valuables kept in the locker which is owned by the bank, a Firstpost report said.

Mahajan says, the only respite for customers can be to insure their valuables and register a complaint with the police if valuables are stolen. Only if proven that the locker had those insured valuables, can the customers claim the insurance.

With banks not taking responsibility for any theft of the contents in your bank lockers, apart from insuring the jewellery and other valuables, one can even buy a householder’s policy, in which if you declare the valuable contents of the house; they are insured against any kind of loss or damage like theft, loss, fire, accidental damage and so on.