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The mobile app facility will be rolled out on June 7, 2021, along with the new ITR e-filing portal.

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ONE OF THE VERY NICE

THINGS ABOUT INVESTING 

IN THE STOCK MARKET IS

THAT YOU LEARN ABOUT 

ALL DIFFERENT ASPECTS

OF THE ECONOMY. INTO A

VERY LARGE WORLD

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FAO also issued its first forecast for world cereal production in 2021, predicting output of nearly 2.821 billion tonnes -- a new record and 1.9 percent up on 2020 levels.

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The RBI will not have any further room to reduce rates as inflation remains on the higher side, so it is the Centre that will have to look for ways to revive consumption demand.

The Indian economy was within the process of getting back on its feet after it had been severely hit by a really stringent lockdown within half of the last fiscal. From a contraction of 24.4 percent Q1FY21 and after two consecutive prints of negative numbers, GDP prints turned positive within the third and fourth quarters of FY21. The full-year GDP growth was at -7.3 percent, better than -8 percent projected by the CSO. this is often excellent news little question.

However, beyond the initial joy, as you scratch the surface, the emerging story might not be as rosy. allow us to check out the expenditure side composition of the GDP that comprises private consumption, government consumption, investment demand, and net trade.

The data shows that growth within the Q4 FY21 was led by government consumption expenditure that grew by 28 percent and capital formation (or investment demand) increased by 11 percent. the expansion in capital formation was presumably thanks to a pointy increase within the government cost.

Unfortunately, the private consumption expenditure that comprises the majority of Indian GDP did not grow by any significant extent. Private consumption expenditure growth was at 2.7 percent in Q4FY21, only relatively better than the contractions witnessed within the first three quarters of the year. The share of personal consumption expenditure in current prices in Q4FY21 was at 59.2 percent, weaker than 60.4 percent in Q4FY20.

It was a known incontrovertible fact that the consumption demand was weak even before COVID-19 hit us. Last year's lockdown forced people to remain reception, while incomes were also hurt thanks to job losses and salary cuts. This led to an erosion in consumer sentiment but because the economy opened, some amount of pent-up demand came to the rescue. The second wave of the virus is probably going to possess squarely hit the method of normalization of consumption demand and will scar the economy for an extended period than is being expected.

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In the second wave, the infection has spread deep into the agricultural areas and data indicates that salaried jobs lost within the rural segment are quite within the urban segment. MNREGA is seeing pressure to supply employment, resulting in a widening gap between people seeking jobs under the program and other people getting it. While this gap can close because the sowing season gets underway, not all displaced workers will probably find work. There have been tons of reverse migration last year and possibly some this year too. Generally speaking, wages in rural areas also are less than those in urban areas.

For the urban population which has been hit by the virus, high medical expenditures and also precautionary savings to require care of future such expenditures could see consumption spending lagging whilst the economy exposes once more. Further, as long as the second wave hit us with such rage, there might be some aversion among people to venturing out, implying travel and tourism-related expenditures might be limited.

All this suggests that the expected normalization of consumption demand is often pushed back by a couple of quarters. The unintended consequence of the virus is that the inequality of income is probably going to possess widened again, a negative for consumption demand. India thrived on aspirational demand on robust expectations on future income generation and this might be truncated.

A speedy vaccination of the population is perhaps how which may enable recovery in consumer sentiments by reducing the uncertainty of the virus and fears of being suffering from further waves of infection. While the pace of vaccination had slackened, we remain hopeful that starting June supplies will end up to be better with domestic production also as imports of vaccines being ramped up.

The Federal Reserve Bank of India (RBI) won't have any longer room to scale back rates as inflation remains on the upper side. So, it's to be the Centre which might need to take up the mantle of reviving consumption demand. Higher allocations for MNREGA, implementation of an urban employment guarantee scheme, and a few cuts for the lower tax brackets could also help support demand.

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 - Ed Markey

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Fuel prices remained unchanged across major metropolitan cities of India on June 2, days after breaching the Rs 100-mark in cities such as Mumbai.

The price of petrol remained above the Rs 100-mark in Mumbai and stood at Rs 94.49 per litre in the national capital.

Fuel prices vary across states depending on local taxation like value-added tax (VAT) and factors such as freight charges. Rajasthan reportedly levies the highest VAT on petrol in the country, followed by Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.

In Rajasthan's Sri Ganganagar district, petrol was priced at Rs 105.52 per litre and diesel at Rs 98.32 a litre, according to the Indian Oil Corporation.

The state-run oil marketing companies (OMCs) – Indian Oil Corporation, Bharat Petroleum and Hindustan Petroleum – decide the rates of domestic fuel against global crude oil prices by taking into account changes in foreign exchange rates.

Check fuel prices in some of India’s major cities:

Mumbai - Petrol: Rs 100.72; Diesel: Rs 92.69

Delhi - Petrol: Rs 94.49; Diesel: Rs 85.38

Chennai - Petrol: Rs 95.99; Diesel: Rs 90.12

Kolkata - Petrol: Rs 94.50; Diesel: Rs 88.23

Bengaluru - Petrol: Rs 97.64; Diesel: Rs 90.51

Hyderabad - Petrol: Rs 98.20; Diesel: Rs 93.08

Ahmedabad - Petrol: Rs 91.48; Diesel: Rs 91.93

Jaipur - Petrol: Rs 101.02; Diesel: Rs 94.19

Guwahati – Petrol: Rs 90.20; Diesel: Rs 85.23

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"Someone is sitting in the shade

 today because someone planted a

 tree a long time ago

-Warren Buffet

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We should not forget that the ongoing pandemic is not only affecting the revenue of states, it is impacting the Centre too 

The 43rd GST council happened on May 28 under the shadow of the COVID-19 second wave. needless to say , the difficulty of compensation to states was a key issue of dialogue aside from changes in GST rates on supply of products and services, and changes associated with GST law and procedure. As we all know , states agreed to hitch the new tax regime provided they were compensated for any revenue loss within the first five years from Dominion Day , 2017 to June 2022.

Today, state governments are battling their declining revenue and increased expenditures. The lower revenue growth curtails growth in expenditure and it seems that any revenue loss will further hurt spending. the most source of revenue for states are taxes. consistent with their allow FY21, about 70 percent of revenue comes from taxes. The revenue growth for states within the current fiscal is almost zero percent as compared to previous year. The second wave and accompanying lockdowns are likely to impact revenue this year too. it'll cause states demanding a better compensation.

Section 18 of the Constitution (101 amendment) Act, 2016 and Section 7 of GST (Compensation to State) Act, 2017 permits that the loss of revenue are going to be compensated to states at the top of each two months for five years. The shortfall is calculated assuming a 14 percent annual growth in GST revenue over the bottom year of 2015-16. Now, two questions arise: One, whether the compensation period should be extended; and, two, whether the compensation amount should be calculated at 14 percent revenue rate of growth .

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First, we are within the last of the five-year compensation period promised to states. Some states are asking that the amount of compensation be extended. Rajasthan Chief Minister Ashok Gehlot has written to Prime Minister Narendra Modi and asked that the payment of GST compensation to states be extended till 2027. The experts of Gulati Institute of Finance and Taxation (GIFT), which is affiliated to the Cochin University of Science and Technology, are of an equivalent view, and argue that as long as there's GST there should be GST compensation for states.

India is moving towards a one-nation, one-tax concept. Thus, the absence of GST compensation threatens the concept of GST. during this backdrop, minister of finance Nirmala Sitharaman assured states that a separate meeting of the GST council are going to be held to debate the difficulty of extending the GST compensation beyond 2022.

Second, whether the compensation should be calculated at 14 percent revenue growth. As per GIFT, while states had surrendered 51.8 percent of total tax income , the Centre sacrificed only 28.8 percent of gross tax income for getting into the GST regime. this suggests that the value of the introduction of the GST wasn't shared equally by the Centre and states, but they're sharing the GST revenue equally. This strengthens the case for the states to urge compensated at 14 percent.

At an equivalent time, one must not forget to ascertain the difficulty at hand from the Centre’s point of view.

We should not forget that the continued pandemic isn't only affecting the revenue of states, it's impacting the Centre too. The Centre’s total revenue has declined by 23 percent, the gross tax income by about 21.6 percent, and therefore the expenses have surged 13.4 percent in FY21. Hence, the fiscal deficit reached to Rs 18.2 lakh-crore (9.3 percent of the GDP) and Debt/GDP to about 90 percent.

Given this, is it right the a part of the states’ demand of a 14 percent compensation? Would the Centre be ready to compensate at that rate? Former Chief Economic Adviser Arvind Subramanian has suggested that the Centre and states negotiate a one-off political solution considering the effect of the pandemic on the economy.

The Centre, through the statement by Revenue Secretary Tarun Bajaj, has made its stand clear that the govt will take an equivalent methodology and formula as last year to calculate the gap for FY22. He expects the states’ revenue deficit would be around Rs 1.58 lakh-crore this fiscal. The Centre has estimated the entire state revenue deficit of Rs 2.69 lakh-crore, and expects to gather over Rs 1.11 lakh-crore though cess. Hence, Rs 1.58 lakh-crore would be borrowed this year. The formula for compensation borrowing is in situ since 2020.

In the last fiscal, the govt calculated Rs 2.35 lakh-crore of the entire revenue deficit for states after deducting the compensation cess of Rs 0.65 lakh-crore. The deficit was further bifurcated into GST revenue shortfall (Rs 0.97 lakh-crore) and therefore the rest was due to the pandemic. In FY21, the Centre had borrowed on behalf of the states and released Rs 1.10 lakh-crore for compensating the states.

It is hoped that this year the states are going to be entirely compensated by the Centre because the government is certain that the GST revenue collection will follow an equivalent path it's followed since October 2020. Data issued by the Controller General of Accounts for April 2021 also shows that there'll be limited impact on the economy as compared to 2020.

All said, it's likely that the Centre and therefore the states will find a middle way on GST compensation.

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Fund managers across the planet speak an identical language while addressing investors who look to allocate money across equities. it's common parlance to talk about equity investing with a 5-year horizon in mind. However, watching data across investments in funds over the last 40 years shows that a mean investor holding in mutual funds is currently at 2.2 years.

The same number was at a mean of three .3 years, 10 years back. Fidelity Investments conducted a study on their Magellan fund from 1977-1990, during Peter Lynch's tenure. His average annual return during this era was 29 percent. this is often an interesting return over the 13-year period. He was easily one among the best-performing fund managers for his asset class. It should be noted that this wasn't a secret. Fidelity's Magellan fund became one among the most important mutual funds thanks to its success under Peter Lynch. Given all that, you'd expect that the investors in his fund made substantial returns over that period. However, what Fidelity Investments found in their study was shocking. the typical investor within the fund actually lost money – again has got to do with how long the investors held the fund, and once they entered the fund.

A look at an alternate asset class in investors' portfolios, land , and land combined paints a really different picture. the typical holding period for the asset class for investors within the residential asset class has been 9.5 years in India and eight .6 years globally. this is often in sharp contrast to the holding period of equities. the 2 reasons one can attribute to the present relate to the high transaction costs and therefore the relatively low liquidity of the asset class as compared to equities.

Every fund manager wants their investors to remain with their fund and increase their duration that they will manage their client's money. However, it's important for the fund manager to understand that the chances of doing an equivalent are against them. There are some learnings from the important estate holdings of investors that one can apply to equities to extend an equivalent odds, and successively , ensuring investors stay invested for a extended cycle within the fund.

One of the important aspects of equity investors that land investors wouldn't need to see is news-based volatility that immediately translates into price moves. These for the foremost part are unnerving for investors which tends to form them pull out money during times of volatility – though they often tend to be periods of opportunity (with the advantage of hindsight).

It is important that fund managers consider it imperative to teach their investors and clients on the investments they hold alongside the rationale. The human mind derives comfort out of the known and panics out of the unknown. While land prices may fall too, we derive comfort with the situation at which we own the asset. However, in many cases, an equivalent comfort doesn't come from the fund, as that has predominantly been the world of the unknown for investors.

The second aspect that fund managers would be better doing is to manage the downside risk for investors. While the pressure to be the simplest performing fund annually exists for all funds, it's imperative for the fund to be the foremost consistent (rather than the simplest performing) - consistency is measured from how often the fund is among the highest 10% of the funds annually . This puts a much bigger onus on risk management instead of watching absolute performance annually .

While it's easy for responsible investors and says that they are doing not check out the asset class from a long-term perspective, it's imperative that the industry looks inward and takes steps as an attempt to consciously increase the holding period of investors – this may provide an outsized win-win situation for the industry and tremendous tailwinds to equity investing as an asset class in our country.

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